Active Record 回呼函式

class Baby < ApplicationRecord
  after_create -> { puts "恭喜！" }
end

irb> @baby = Baby.create
恭喜！

class User < ApplicationRecord
  validates :login, :email, presence: true

  before_validation :ensure_login_has_a_value

  private
    def ensure_login_has_a_value
      if login.blank?
        self.login = email unless email.blank?
      end
    end
end

class User < ApplicationRecord
  validates :login, :email, presence: true

  before_create do
    self.name = login.capitalize if name.blank?
  end
end

class User < ApplicationRecord
  before_create ->(user) { user.name = user.login.capitalize if user.name.blank? }
end

class User < ApplicationRecord
  before_create MaybeAddName
end

class MaybeAddName
  def self.before_create(record)
    if record.name.blank?
      record.name = record.login.capitalize
    end
  end
end

class User < ApplicationRecord
  before_validation :normalize_name, on: :create

  # :on 也可以接收陣列
  after_validation :set_location, on: [ :create, :update ]

  private
    def normalize_name
      self.name = name.downcase.titleize
    end

    def set_location
      self.location = LocationService.query(self)
    end
end

class User < ApplicationRecord
  after_initialize do |user|
    puts "你已經初始化了一個物件！"
  end

  after_find do |user|
    puts "你已經找到了一個物件！"
  end
end

irb> User.new
你已經初始化了一個物件！
=> #<User id: nil>

irb> User.first
你已經找到了一個物件！
你已經初始化了一個物件！
=> #<User id: 1>

class User < ApplicationRecord
  after_touch do |user|
    puts "你已經觸發了一個物件"
  end
end

irb> u = User.create(name: 'Kuldeep')
=> #<User id: 1, name: "Kuldeep", created_at: "2013-11-25 12:17:49", updated_at: "2013-11-25 12:17:49">

irb> u.touch
你已經觸發了一個物件
=> true

class Book < ApplicationRecord
  belongs_to :library, touch: true
  after_touch do
    puts '一本書被觸發了'
  end
end

class Library < ApplicationRecord
  has_many :books
  after_touch :log_when_books_or_library_touched

  private
    def log_when_books_or_library_touched
      puts '書籍/圖書館被觸發了'
    end
end

irb> @book = Book.last
=> #<Book id: 1, library_id: 1, created_at: "2013-11-25 17:04:22", updated_at: "2013-11-25 17:05:05">

irb> @book.touch # 觸發 @book.library.touch
一本書被觸發了
書籍/圖書館被觸發了
=> true

throw :abort

class User < ApplicationRecord
  has_many :articles, dependent: :destroy
end

class Article < ApplicationRecord
  after_destroy :log_destroy_action

  def log_destroy_action
    puts '文章被刪除'
  end
end

irb> user = User.first
=> #<User id: 1>
irb> user.articles.create!
=> #<Article id: 1, user_id: 1>
irb> user.destroy
文章被刪除
=> #<User id: 1>

class Order < ApplicationRecord
  before_save :normalize_card_number, if: :paid_with_card?
end

class Order < ApplicationRecord
  before_save :normalize_card_number,
    if: Proc.new { |order| order.paid_with_card? }
end

class Order < ApplicationRecord
  before_save :normalize_card_number, if: Proc.new { paid_with_card? }
end

class Comment < ApplicationRecord
  before_save :filter_content,
    if: [:subject_to_parental_control?, :untrusted_author?]
end

class Comment < ApplicationRecord
  before_save :filter_content,
    if: [:subject_to_parental_control?, Proc.new { untrusted_author? }]
end

class Comment < ApplicationRecord
  before_save :filter_content,
    if: Proc.new { forum.parental_control? },
    unless: Proc.new { author.trusted? }
end

class FileDestroyerCallback
  def after_destroy(file)
    if File.exist?(file.filepath)
      File.delete(file.filepath)
    end
  end
end

class PictureFile < ApplicationRecord
  after_destroy FileDestroyerCallback.new
end

class FileDestroyerCallback
  def self.after_destroy(file)
    if File.exist?(file.filepath)
      File.delete(file.filepath)
    end
  end
end

class PictureFile < ApplicationRecord
  after_destroy FileDestroyerCallback
end

PictureFile.transaction do
  picture_file_1.destroy
  picture_file_2.save!
end

class PictureFile < ApplicationRecord
  after_commit :delete_picture_file_from_disk, on: :destroy

  def delete_picture_file_from_disk
    if File.exist?(filepath)
      File.delete(filepath)
    end
  end
end

class PictureFile < ApplicationRecord
  after_destroy_commit :delete_picture_file_from_disk

  def delete_picture_file_from_disk
    if File.exist?(filepath)
      File.delete(filepath)
    end
  end
end

class User < ApplicationRecord
  after_create_commit :log_user_saved_to_db
  after_update_commit :log_user_saved_to_db

  private
    def log_user_saved_to_db
      puts 'User was saved to database'
    end
end

irb> @user = User.create # 不打印任何內容

irb> @user.save # 更新@user
User was saved to database

class User < ApplicationRecord
  after_save_commit :log_user_saved_to_db

  private
    def log_user_saved_to_db
      puts 'User was saved to database'
    end
end

irb> @user = User.create # 創建一個User
User was saved to database

irb> @user.save # 更新@user
User was saved to database

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  after_commit { puts("this actually gets called second") }
  after_commit { puts("this actually gets called first") }
end